Solar Panel Cleaning Robot using Arduino

Description

INTRODUCTION

After the invention of the solar cell, solar technology advanced rapidly, leading to the widespread implementation of solar panels that convert solar energy into electrical energy. Today, renewable energy is extensively used across various industries through large arrays of solar panels. In addition to industrial applications, solar technology has also gained popularity in household energy systems. However, one of the main challenges with the implementation of solar panels is their maintenance, as accumulated dust and debris reduce their efficiency and energy output. Dust particles accumulating on solar panels block sunlight from reaching the solar cells, significantly reducing power generation. If left uncleaned for a month, power output can drop by as much as 50%. According to research, the daily energy loss over the course of a year due to dust accumulation on the surface of photovoltaic (PV) modules is approximately 4.4%. However, during extended dry periods without rainfall, this energy loss can exceed 20% per day, significantly impacting the overall efficiency and performance of solar power systems. The cleaning of dust particles on solar panels is a major challenge, as it is a time-consuming process that requires significant manpower and financial resources. To overcome this limitation, robotics can be employed, offering a more economical solution while eliminating the need for human labor and ensuring consistent,  maintenance of solar panels and wireless controlled cleaning system is developed to regularly remove dust from the panels.

The Wireless Solar Panel Cleaning Robot using Arduino is a smart automation project designed to enhance solar power efficiency by removing dust and debris from panel surfaces without human intervention. The robot is equipped with dual mopping arms to provide thorough dry cleaning and a DC fan to ensure complete drying of the panel surface after cleaning. This intelligent cleaning robot is controlled wirelessly via Bluetooth, allowing users to operate it remotely through a smartphone app.

The system is powered by an Arduino UNO, which interfaces with two L293D motor driver modules to control the motion of the robot and the mopping mechanisms. The cleaning arms consist of rotating or sliding mop heads driven by DC motors, providing gentle yet effective cleaning action. After mopping, a DC fan mounted on the robot blows air across the panel to dry any remaining moisture or dust particles.

OBJECTIVES

• To maintain optimal energy efficiency by regularly removing dust, dirt, and debris from the surface of solar panels.

• To automate the solar panel cleaning process, reducing manual labor and maintenance costs.

• To develop a cost-effective and eco-friendly robotic system that operates with minimal water usage or waterless methods.

• To ensure safe and reliable cleaning of rooftop or remote solar installations using Arduino-based control and automation.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Block Diagram of Solar Panel Cleaning Robot using Arduino

FLOW CHART

Flow Chart of Solar Panel Cleaning Robot using Arduino

Hardware Components

1. Arduino UNO
2. 2x L293D Motor Driver Modules
3. DC Motors (for dual mop arms)
4. DC Fan (for drying)
5. HC-05 Bluetooth Module
6. Rechargeable Battery (12V)
7. Wheels/Chassis
8. Mop Pads / Mopping Arms
9. Frame Structure (Acrylic/MDF)
10. Jumper Wires and Connectors

Software

1. Arduino IDE
2. Android Bluetooth Control App (e.g., Bluetooth Terminal or custom interface)

Methodology

The arduino microcontroller controls the movement, cleaning functions, and Bluetooth communication of the solar panel cleaning robot. The robot can move across the surface of the solar panel thanks to four DC motors that are managed by two motor drivers. Power is provided by a rechargeable battery that is controlled by a power supply circuit. The water pump and DC fan used for cleaning are controlled by a relay module, the fan helps remove debris or dry the surface, and the pump sprays water to loosen dust. Bluetooth enables smartphone-based wireless control, allowing commands for cleaning and mobility. Jumper wires are used to connect all the parts, and the robot uses timed motor and actuator control to clean the solar panel in a coordinated manner while requiring little manual effort.

Product Title Suggestions:

• Bluetooth Controlled Dual-Mop Solar Panel Cleaning Robot

• Wireless Solar Cleaner Robot with Drying Fan and Arduino Control

• Arduino-Based Smart Cleaning Robot for Solar Panel Maintenance

• Dual Mopping Solar Panel Cleaner with Wireless Remote Control

• Smart Solar Panel Sweeping Robot with Fan-Based Dryer

• Embedded System Robot for Solar Cleaning and Drying

• Final Year Project on Solar Automation with Mop and Fan

• Arduino Robot for Solar Surface Maintenance with Bluetooth Control

• Eco-Friendly Cleaning Bot for Solar Panels

• Wireless Smart Cleaning Robot with Mop and Fan Mechanism

This project is ideal for:
✅ Final Year College Projects, ✅ School Science Exhibition Models
✅ National/State Level Competitions, ✅ Industrial Prototype Trials
✅ DIY & Maker Projects

KEYWORDS

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Get the full working project with components, code, diagrams & explanation

No branding on project, handmade look for students, and different styles as required by students.

To Buy/ Make this project with training

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